2+Human+Demographic++Characteristics

**Demographic Terms **


 * Lesson **  **PowerPoint**

**Age-sex structure: ** The composition of a population as determined by the number or proportion of males and females in each age category. The age-sex structure of a population is the cumulative result of past trends in fertility, mortality, and migration. Information on age-sex composition is essential for the description and analysis of many other types of demographic data.

**Baby boom: ** A dramatic increase in fertility rates and in the absolute number of births. In the United States this occurred during the period following World War II (1946 to 1964).

**Birth rate (or crude birth rate): ** The number of live births per 1,000 population in a given year. Not to be confused with the growth rate.

**Death rate (or crude death rate): ** The number of deaths per 1,000 population in a given year.

**Growth rate: ** The number of persons added to (or subtracted from) a population in a year due to natural increase and net migration; expressed as a percentage of the population at the beginning of the time period.

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">Less developed countries: **<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;"> Less developed countries include all countries in Africa, Asia (excluding Japan), and Latin America and the Caribbean, and the regions of Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia.

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">Life expectancy: **<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;"> The average number of additional years a person of a given age could expect to live if current mortality trends were to continue for the rest of that person's life. Most commonly cited as life expectancy at birth.

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">More developed countries: **<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;"> More developed countries include all countries in Europe, North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan.

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">Mortality: **<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;"> Deaths as a component of population change.

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">Net migration: **<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;"> The net effect of immigration and emigration on an area's population in a given time period, expressed as an increase or decrease.

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">Population pyramid: **<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;"> A bar chart, arranged vertically, that shows the distribution of a population by age and sex. By convention, the younger ages are at the bottom, with males on the left and females on the right.

**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">Rate of natural increase: **<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;"> The rate at which a population is increasing (or decreasing) in a given year due to a surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths, expressed as a percentage of the base population.